Penguin 4.0 zero-weights manipulated links at the URL level.
Since September 23, 2016, Penguin no longer demotes whole sites for unnatural link patterns. It zero-weights the manipulative links algorithmically in real time at the URL level. The implication is structural: paid placements pass no value, link exchanges pass no value, the budget spent on them was waste. The white-hat lane runs through outreach to real publications, content that earns links on its own, and digital PR.